Description of Leishmania:

Leishmania is a parasitic disease caused by protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Leishmania. The disease primarily manifests in two forms: cutaneous leishmaniasis (affecting the skin) and visceral leishmaniasis (affecting internal organs). Symptoms in dogs can include skin lesions, weight loss, muscle atrophy, swollen lymph nodes, lethargy, and eye problems. If left untreated, visceral leishmaniasis can be fatal.

What Causes Leishmania?

Leishmania is transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. The sandflies become infected by biting an infected animal and then transmit the parasite to other hosts. Once inside the host, the parasites multiply and infect various cells of the immune system. The disease is most prevalent in regions such as the Mediterranean basin, parts of Asia, Africa, and Latin America.

Treatment of Leishmania:

Treating Leishmania in dogs involves a combination of medications and supportive care. The primary goals are to eliminate or control the parasite, alleviate symptoms, and improve the dog’s quality of life. The treatment can be complex and prolonged, often requiring regular follow-ups and adjustments.

Medications:

Antimonial Drugs: The most common antimonial drug used is meglumine antimoniate, which helps reduce the parasite load. It is usually administered by injection.

Miltefosine: This oral medication is another option, particularly useful when injections are not feasible. It can be effective in reducing the number of parasites.

Allopurinol: This medication is often used in combination with antimonials or miltefosine. It helps inhibit the replication of the parasites and can be administered long-term to manage the disease.

Supportive Care:

Nutritional Support: Dogs with Leishmania often need a special diet to support their immune system and overall health. High-quality, nutrient-dense food can aid in recovery and maintain strength.

Immune System Boosters: Supplements and medications that boost the immune system can be beneficial. Omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, and other immune-supporting supplements are commonly recommended.

Treatment of Secondary Infections: Dogs with Leishmania are prone to secondary infections due to their compromised immune system. Prompt treatment of these infections with appropriate antibiotics is crucial.

Monitoring and Follow-up: Regular veterinary check-ups are essential to monitor the dog’s response to treatment and adjust medications as needed. Blood tests are often required to track the levels of parasites and assess organ function.

Preventive Measures:

Preventing Leishmania is challenging but possible. Measures include:

Insect Repellents: Using repellents that protect against sandfly bites.

Environmental Management: Keeping dogs indoors during peak sandfly activity times (dusk to dawn) and using fine mesh screens to prevent sandflies from entering the home.

Vaccination: In some regions, vaccines are available to help reduce the risk of Leishmania infection.

Prognosis:

The prognosis for dogs with Leishmania varies. Early detection and consistent treatment can significantly improve the outlook, although some dogs may remain carriers of the parasite. Long-term management and periodic monitoring are often necessary to keep the disease under control and ensure the dog’s well-being.

Description of Ehrlichiosis:

Ehrlichiosis is a tick-borne infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Ehrlichia. In dogs, the most common species responsible for the disease are Ehrlichia canis and Ehrlichia ewingii. The disease affects white blood cells and can cause a range of symptoms from mild to severe, including fever, lethargy, weight loss, swollen lymph nodes, and abnormal bleeding. Ehrlichiosis can progress through three stages: acute, subclinical, and chronic, each with varying degrees of severity and symptoms.

What Causes Ehrlichiosis?

Ehrlichiosis is primarily transmitted through the bite of infected ticks. The main vectors are the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) for Ehrlichia canis and the lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum) for Ehrlichia ewingii. When an infected tick bites a dog, the bacteria enter the bloodstream and begin to infect white blood cells, spreading throughout the body and causing the disease.

Treatment of Ehrlichiosis:

Treating Ehrlichiosis involves the use of antibiotics and supportive care to manage symptoms and eliminate the bacteria from the dog's system. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial for a successful recovery.

Medications:

Doxycycline: This is the most commonly prescribed antibiotic for treating Ehrlichiosis. It is typically administered orally for a period of 3 to 4 weeks. Doxycycline is effective in eliminating the bacteria and alleviating symptoms.

Other Antibiotics: In some cases, other antibiotics such as minocycline, tetracycline, or rifampin may be used, especially if the dog does not respond well to doxycycline.

Supportive Care:

Hydration and Nutrition: Ensuring the dog remains well-hydrated and receives proper nutrition is essential for recovery. In severe cases, intravenous fluids may be necessary.

Pain and Symptom Management: Anti-inflammatory drugs or pain relievers may be prescribed to help manage fever, joint pain, and other symptoms.

Blood Transfusions: In cases where the dog has severe anemia or bleeding disorders due to the infection, a blood transfusion may be required.

Monitoring and Follow-up:

Regular Veterinary Check-ups: Continuous monitoring by a veterinarian is crucial to track the dog’s response to treatment and adjust medications as needed.

Blood Tests: Follow-up blood tests are often necessary to ensure the bacteria have been cleared from the bloodstream and to check for any lingering effects or complications.

Preventive Measures:

Tick Control: Using tick preventatives such as topical treatments, tick collars, or oral medications can help protect dogs from tick bites and reduce the risk of Ehrlichiosis.

Regular Tick Checks: After outdoor activities, especially in tick-prone areas, thoroughly check your dog for ticks and remove any found promptly.

Environmental Management: Keeping the dog’s living area free from ticks by regularly mowing the lawn, clearing brush, and using tick control products in the yard.

Prognosis:

The prognosis for dogs with Ehrlichiosis is generally good if the disease is diagnosed and treated early. Most dogs respond well to antibiotic treatment and recover fully. However, if left untreated, the disease can progress to the chronic stage, leading to more severe health issues and potentially fatal complications.

With proper treatment and preventive measures, most dogs can lead healthy lives post-recovery from Ehrlichiosis. Regular veterinary care and attention to tick prevention are key to ensuring long-term health and well-being.

Description of Anaplasma:

Anaplasma is a tick-borne disease caused by bacteria of the genus Anaplasma. In dogs, the most common species causing the disease is Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which affects white blood cells. Anaplasmosis can lead to symptoms such as fever, lethargy, joint pain, loss of appetite, and lameness. In severe cases, it can cause more serious health issues like immune-mediated diseases and bleeding disorders.

What Causes Anaplasma?

Anaplasma is primarily transmitted through the bite of infected ticks. The most common vectors are the black-legged tick (Ixodes scapularis), also known as the deer tick, and the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus). Ticks become infected by feeding on animals that carry the bacteria, and then they spread the infection to other animals through their bites.

Treatment of Anaplasma:

Treating Anaplasma in dogs involves the use of specific antibiotics and supportive care. The goal is to eliminate the bacteria from the dog's system and alleviate symptoms. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can lead to a better prognosis.

Medications:

Doxycycline: The most commonly used antibiotic for treating Anaplasma is doxycycline. It is typically administered orally for a period of 2 to 4 weeks. This antibiotic is effective in reducing the bacterial load and alleviating symptoms.

Tetracycline: Another antibiotic that can be used is tetracycline, though it is less commonly prescribed than doxycycline.

Supportive Care:

Pain Management: If the dog is experiencing joint pain or discomfort, pain relievers or anti-inflammatory medications may be prescribed to provide relief.

Hydration and Nutrition: Ensuring the dog remains well-hydrated and receives proper nutrition is essential for recovery. In some cases, intravenous fluids may be necessary if the dog is severely ill.

Monitoring and Follow-up:

Regular veterinary check-ups are crucial to monitor the dog's response to treatment. Follow-up blood tests may be conducted to ensure the bacteria have been cleared and to check for any lingering effects or complications.

Can Anaplasma Be Fully Healed?

In many cases, dogs can be fully healed from anaplasmosis with appropriate treatment. The use of antibiotics like doxycycline is highly effective in clearing the infection from the dog's system. Most dogs respond well to treatment and show significant improvement within a few days to weeks.

Factors Affecting Recovery:

Early Detection: Early diagnosis and prompt treatment increase the chances of a full recovery.

Underlying Health Conditions: Dogs with other underlying health issues or weakened immune systems may take longer to recover or may experience more severe symptoms.

Severity of Infection: The severity of the infection at the time of diagnosis can affect the recovery process. Dogs with more advanced infections may require longer treatment and more intensive supportive care.

Potential for Recurrence: While many dogs fully recover from anaplasmosis, there is a possibility of recurrence, especially if the dog is exposed to infected ticks again. Preventive measures such as tick control and regular veterinary check-ups are important to minimize the risk of re-infection.

Preventive Measures:

Tick Control: Using tick preventatives like topical treatments, collars, or oral medications can help protect dogs from tick bites and reduce the risk of anaplasmosis.

Regular Tick Checks: After outdoor activities, especially in tick-prone areas, thoroughly check your dog for ticks and remove any found promptly.

Environmental Management: Keep the dog's living area free from ticks by regularly mowing the lawn, clearing brush, and using tick control products in the yard.

With proper treatment and preventive measures, most dogs can lead healthy lives post-recovery from anaplasmosis. Regular veterinary care and attention to tick prevention are key to ensuring long-term health and well-being.

Description of Brucellosis:

Brucellosis is a highly contagious bacterial infection caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella. In dogs, it is most commonly caused by Brucella canis. The disease can lead to reproductive issues such as infertility, abortion, stillbirths, and infections of the reproductive organs. Other symptoms may include lethargy, lameness, swollen lymph nodes, and back pain.

What Causes Brucellosis?

Brucellosis is primarily spread through direct contact with infected bodily fluids, such as urine, saliva, blood, and reproductive discharges. Dogs can contract the disease during breeding, whelping, or through contact with aborted fetuses and placentas. Infected dogs can shed the bacteria for long periods, making it difficult to control the spread of the disease.

Treatment of Brucellosis:

Brucellosis in dogs is a challenging condition to treat due to the bacteria's ability to evade the immune system and persist in the body. Treatment typically involves a combination of antibiotics and long-term management strategies to control the infection and prevent its spread.

Medications:

Antibiotic Therapy:

Combination Therapy: The most effective treatment approach involves using a combination of antibiotics. Commonly used combinations include doxycycline with streptomycin, rifampin, or enrofloxacin. This dual approach helps target the bacteria more effectively.

Duration: Treatment usually lasts for several weeks to months. Extended antibiotic courses are necessary to reduce the bacterial load and manage the infection.

Supportive Medications:

Anti-inflammatory Drugs: These may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and alleviate pain associated with brucellosis.

Immune Modulators: Medications to support and enhance the immune system may be used to help the dog fight off the infection.

Supportive Care:

Nutritional Support: Ensuring the dog receives a balanced, nutrient-rich diet is important for overall health and recovery.

Hydration: Maintaining proper hydration is crucial, especially if the dog is experiencing fever or other symptoms that may lead to dehydration.

Monitoring and Follow-up:

Regular Veterinary Check-ups: Continuous monitoring by a veterinarian is essential to track the progress of the treatment and make necessary adjustments.

Neutering/Spaying: Infected dogs should be spayed or neutered to prevent the spread of the disease through breeding. Brucella bacteria are often found in reproductive tissues and fluids.

Euthanasia Consideration: In severe cases, particularly in breeding facilities or where infection control is critical, euthanasia may be considered to prevent the spread of brucellosis.

Prognosis:

The prognosis for dogs with brucellosis can vary. While antibiotic treatment can reduce the bacterial load and manage symptoms, complete eradication of the bacteria from the body is difficult. Dogs may remain carriers of the disease even after treatment, posing a risk of transmission to other animals and humans.

Preventive Measures:

Screening and Testing: Regular screening and testing of breeding dogs for brucellosis is crucial to prevent the spread of the disease in breeding facilities and among the dog population.

Hygiene Practices: Implementing strict hygiene practices, including proper sanitation and handling of potentially infectious materials, helps reduce the risk of transmission.

Vaccination: Currently, there is no effective vaccine for brucellosis in dogs. Preventive measures focus on management and control rather than vaccination.

Brucellosis requires diligent long-term management and preventive strategies to control the spread and impact of the disease. Collaboration with a veterinarian is essential to develop an effective treatment and management plan for infected dogs.

Description of Kennel Cough:

Kennel cough, also known as canine infectious tracheobronchitis, is a highly contagious respiratory disease in dogs. It is characterized by a persistent, dry, hacking cough that sounds like a honk. The disease can also cause sneezing, nasal discharge, and, in more severe cases, lethargy, loss of appetite, and fever. While kennel cough is generally not life-threatening, it can lead to more severe conditions such as pneumonia in puppies, elderly dogs, or dogs with compromised immune systems.

What Causes Kennel Cough?

Kennel cough is caused by a combination of viral and bacterial infections. The primary agents include Bordetella bronchiseptica (a bacterium), canine parainfluenza virus, and canine adenovirus. The disease spreads easily in places where dogs are in close contact, such as kennels, dog parks, grooming facilities, and shelters. The infection is transmitted through airborne droplets, direct contact with infected dogs, or contact with contaminated surfaces.

Treatment of Kennel Cough:

Kennel cough, also known as canine infectious tracheobronchitis, typically resolves on its own with supportive care. However, in more severe cases or for at-risk dogs, medical treatment may be necessary to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.

Supportive Care:

Rest and Isolation: Ensuring the infected dog gets plenty of rest and is kept away from other dogs to prevent the spread of the infection is crucial. Isolation helps contain the infection and reduces stress on the dog's respiratory system.

Humidification: Using a humidifier or placing the dog in a bathroom with steam from a hot shower can help soothe the dog's irritated airways and ease breathing.

Medications:

Cough Suppressants: For dogs with a persistent, dry cough, veterinarians may prescribe cough suppressants to provide relief. These medications help reduce the frequency and severity of the cough.

Antibiotics: If a bacterial infection is suspected or confirmed, antibiotics such as doxycycline, amoxicillin, or clavulanate may be prescribed. Antibiotics are particularly important if the dog shows signs of a secondary bacterial infection, such as a fever, green nasal discharge, or lethargy.

Anti-inflammatory Drugs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation in the airways and provide relief from symptoms.

Hydration and Nutrition:

Ensure Adequate Hydration: Keeping the dog well-hydrated is essential, as dehydration can exacerbate symptoms. Fresh water should always be available.

Nutritional Support: Providing a nutritious diet helps support the dog's immune system and overall health during recovery.

Monitoring and Follow-up:

Regular Check-ups: Follow-up visits to the veterinarian are important to monitor the dog's progress and ensure the infection is resolving. The vet may adjust the treatment plan based on the dog's response.

Observation for Complications: It's essential to watch for signs of complications, such as pneumonia. Symptoms of pneumonia include difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, a high fever, and a persistent productive cough. If these symptoms occur, immediate veterinary attention is required.

Preventive Measures:

Vaccination: Vaccines are available to protect against some of the pathogens that cause kennel cough, such as Bordetella bronchiseptica, canine parainfluenza virus, and canine adenovirus. Vaccination is particularly recommended for dogs that frequently interact with other dogs, such as those in kennels, dog parks, or grooming facilities.

Good Hygiene Practices: Maintaining good hygiene practices, such as regularly cleaning and disinfecting kennels, dog toys, and bedding, helps reduce the risk of infection.

Avoiding Exposure: Limiting the dog's exposure to crowded or poorly ventilated environments with many dogs can help prevent the spread of kennel cough.

Prognosis:

The prognosis for dogs with kennel cough is generally good, especially with appropriate supportive care and treatment. Most dogs recover within one to three weeks. However, elderly dogs, puppies, and dogs with underlying health conditions may require more intensive care and longer recovery times.

Kennel cough requires attentive care and management to ensure a smooth and swift recovery. Collaboration with a veterinarian will provide the best guidance and treatment plan tailored to the individual dog's needs.

We can easily place dogs in the EU and Switzerland. For the rest of the world, we need to check the requirements again upon request. Don’t hesitate to ask. We will try to make it possible.

Here is the general process:

Questionnaire

Video call

Preliminary check

Adoption contract

Find flight sponsors, book the flight

Adopters pick up the dog at the airport

The adoption process is really NOT complicated.

Who can become a flight sponsor?

Anyone planning or already booked on a flight. However, to even airline allows you to take a dog with you. Airlines like Lufthansa, TUI, and Condor allow animals on flights to/from Larnaca.

Do I need to plan anything in advance?

No. Once we know if a dog can travel with you, the dog will be registered with the respective airline. On the departure day, you either pick up the dog from us, or we bring it to the airport with a transport box at the appropriate time. You will then receive the dog's papers, and you're ready to go!

Financial burden?

You pay NOTHING! Unfortunately, many people think that being a flight sponsor involves inconveniences, financial burdens, or restrictions. This is not the case. The small fee for adding the dog to the flight is covered by the adopter.

At the destination airport?

You receive the dog from the airport staff. The new owner will already be waiting for you and will pick up the dog. That's it :)

Description of the Decompression Term:

The 3-month decompression term refers to the critical period immediately following a dog's adoption or rescue during which the dog adjusts to its new environment. This time frame allows the dog to acclimate to its new home, reduce stress, and build trust with its new family. During this period, the dog may exhibit various behaviors as it adapts, including withdrawal, fear, excitement, or hyperactivity.

Why is the Decompression Term Important?

The decompression period is essential for the well-being of the dog as it transitions from a potentially stressful or traumatic past to a stable and loving home. This period allows the dog to feel safe and secure, gradually revealing its true personality. Patience, consistency, and understanding from the new family are crucial during this time to help the dog settle in and feel comfortable. Successful decompression can lead to a stronger bond between the dog and its new family, resulting in a happier and more harmonious relationship.